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Technical University of Vienna is a public research university in Vienna, Austria. It is one of the leading universities of technology in the German-speaking world and is known for its high-quality education and research. The history of the Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien) dates back to 1815, when it was founded as the k.k. Polytechnische Institut (Imperial-Royal Polytechnic Institute). The institution was founded by Emperor Francis I of Austria in response to the growing industrialization of the country and the need for skilled engineers and technicians. The first rector of the Polytechnic Institute was Johann Joseph von Prechtl, a prominent scientist and engineer. The institute initially offered courses in engineering, architecture, and chemistry. In the 19th century, the institute expanded its offerings to include new fields such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and civil engineering.

The Polytechnic Institute played a major role in the development of Austrian industry and technology in the 19th and 20th centuries. Many of the country's most important engineers and scientists graduated from the institute, including Nobel laureates Erwin Schrödinger and Viktor Frankl. In 1872, the Polytechnic Institute was renamed the Technische Hochschule (College of Technology). In 1901, the Austrian government granted technical universities the right to award doctoral degrees. The first doctorates at the Technical University of Vienna were awarded in 1902. In 1975, the Technische Hochschule was renamed the Technische Universität Wien (Vienna University of Technology). The university underwent a major expansion in the 1970s and 1980s, with the construction of new buildings and research facilities. Today, TU Wien is one of the leading universities of technology in the German-speaking world. TU Wien has a long and distinguished history, and it continues to be a leader in engineering and technology education and research.

Based on the QS World University Rankings of 2026, Technical University of Vienna is positioned as the #197 top university in the world, which makes it the #2 top university in Austria. The university's global rank decreased by 7 points from last year.